Clinical studies confirm that smokers suffer more often from erectile dysfunction ( impotence) than non-smokers.
In study 1, 2115 men were studied and it was found that compared with men who never smoked, men who smoked at some time had a greater likelihood of erectile dysfunction and the response was dose-dependent.
Also, study 2 and study 3 found that smoking is associated with decreased efficacy of Sildenafil ( Viagra) in patients with erectile dysfunction.
In yet another study 4, smoking was found to be a significant risk factor for ectopic pregnancies.
Conclusion:
There is a strong connection between smoking and potence / fertility. Certainly, you would be willing to consider quit smoking if you knew it was related to sexual function and reproductive capability, wouldnt you ?
Association between smoking and erectile dysfunction: A population-based study
Gades NM et al.
Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
The association between smoking and erectile dysfunction was evaluated in a cohort of 2,115 Caucasian men, aged 40-79 years, randomly selected from Olmsted County, Minnesota. Smoking status was assessed by questionnaire; during the fourth biennial examination, erectile dysfunction was assessed with the Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory. Of the 1,329 men with a regular sexual partner, 173 were current smokers, 836 had previously smoked, and 203 reported erectile dysfunction. Compared with former and never smokers, current smokers in their forties had the greatest relative odds of erectile dysfunction, 2.74 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44, 16.89), compared with 1.38 (95% CI: 0.51, 3.74), 1.70 (95% CI: 0.82, 3.51), and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.27, 2.21) for men in their fifties, sixties, and seventies, respectively.
Conclusion
Compared with men who never smoked, men who smoked at some time had a greater likelihood of erectile dysfunction (age-adjusted odds ratio = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.00, 2.02), and there was a dose response. Although the causal pathway underlying this association is not clear, this study contributes to the growing literature describing an association between smoking and erectile dysfunction.
PMID: 15692078 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Park K et al.
Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Chongno-Gu, Yongon-Dong, Seoul, Korea.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical efficacy of sildenafil and the potential predictors of poor response to sildenafil in elderly patients with erectile dysfunction
PATIENTS AND METHODS : The study included 162 patients (aged > or = 60 years) treated with sildenafil for at least 8 weeks; all patients were evaluated with a history, physical examination, measurement of total testosterone and a pharmacological erection test. Sexual function before and 8 weeks after treatment was assessed using the self-administered International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Treatment was considered successful when the patient attained a higher grade on the erectile function (EF) domain score, and an affirmative response to the overall assessment question. Factors influencing treatment outcome were evaluated by univariate and multivariate statistical analysis.
RESULTS The overall efficacy with sildenafil was 47% (76/162). On univariate analysis, uncontrolled diabetes, current smoking, hypogonadism (<3 microg/L testosterone) and low pretreatment EF domain score (<17) were selected as predictors of a poor response. On multivariate logistic regression, a low pretreatment EF domain score was the strongest independent prognostic factor for a poor response (odds ratio 2.25, 95% confidence interval, 1.45-7.33), and this was followed by hypogonadism (1.89, 1.12-3.16) and current smoking (1.34, 1.04-3.52).
Conclusion
In a real clinical setting, sildenafil was effective for about half of the elderly men. The baseline EF domain score, hypogonadism and current smoking were significantly associated with failure of sildenafil.
These results suggest that modifying reversible risk factors, e.g. stopping smoking and replacing testosterone, would be beneficial in augmenting the efficacy of sildenafil in elderly men.
PMID: 15679795 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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